Glass bottles and cans are packaging containers for food, beverages and many products. They are widely used. Glass is also a kind of packaging material with a long history. With many packaging materials pouring into the market, glass containers still occupy an important position in beverage packaging, which is inseparable from its packaging characteristics that other packaging materials cannot replace.
Manufacturing process The manufacturing of glass bottles and cans mainly includes batch preparation, melting, forming, annealing, surface treatment and processing, inspection and packaging.
①Batch preparation: including storage, weighing, mixing and conveying of batch materials. It is required that the batch materials are uniformly mixed and the chemical composition is stable.
② Melting: The melting of bottle glass is mostly carried out in a continuous operation flame tank furnace (see glass melting furnace). The daily output of horizontal flame tank kilns generally exceeds 200t, and the large-scale ones reach 400～500t. The daily output of horseshoe-shaped flame tank kilns is mostly below 200t. The glass melting temperature is as high as 1580～1600℃.
The energy consumption of melting accounts for about 70% of the total energy consumption in production. It can effectively save energy by adopting measures such as comprehensive heat preservation of the kiln, increasing the capacity of checker bricks in the regenerator, improving the distribution of the piles, increasing the combustion efficiency and controlling the convection of the glass liquid. Bubbling in the melting tank can improve the convection of the glass liquid, strengthen the clarification and homogenization process, and increase the output volume. The use of electric heating in the flame kiln can increase the output and improve the quality without increasing the furnace.
③Molding: Molding is mainly used, using blow-blow method to form small mouth bottles, and press-blow method to form wide mouth bottles . Less use of control law. The production of modern glass bottles and cans widely adopts automatic bottle making machines for high-speed forming. This type of bottle making machine has certain requirements on the weight, shape and uniformity of the gobs, so the temperature in the feed tank must be strictly controlled.
There are many types of automatic bottle making machines, among which the in-line bottle making machine is the most commonly used. This kind of bottle making machine's gobs obey the bottle making machine, not the bottle making machine obeys the gobs, so there is no rotating part, the operation is safe, and any branch can be stopped separately for maintenance without affecting other branch operations . The line-type bottle making machine has a wide range of manufacturing bottles and cans, and has great flexibility. It has been developed into 12 groups, double-drop or three-drop molding and microcomputer control.
